The following snippet is from TouchDev. The SN naming rules seem also appliable to iPhone.
Serial number structure
The serial number is structured like this: <AA> <Y> <WW> <BBBBBB>
- <AA> : seems related to factory and/or location
- <Y> : last digit of the year of manufacture, i.e 7 for 2007.
- <WW> : manufacturing week number
- <BBBBBB> : (unique?) device number
Part Numbers
The part number is structured like this: <A> A62 <C[C]> [ / <D> ]
- <A> : unknown
- <B> : storage capacity: 3 for the 8GBytes, 7 for the 16GBytes
- <C[C]> : country code (see below)
- <D> : unknown
Country Codes
LL - United States
C - Canada
ZG - Denmark/Sweden/Finland
ZG - Germany
ZK - Italy